This research aims to build a proper workflow to characterize tight carbonate reservoirs. The characterization will be based on reservoir rock typing using petrography, Mercury Injection capillary pressure (MICP), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DE CT) on reservoir samples from Abu Dhabi field. MICP and NMR tests further enhanced our understanding on the pore geometry and connectivity. As a result of these investigations, we were able to group the rocks into different petrophysical groups (rock types - RRT). We observed that in tight carbonate reservoirs, the correlation between porosity and permeability is quite better than in porous and permeable carbonate systems. In this research we used 65 horizontal plugs from Thamama Group, characterized by mudstones and wackestones where micritization is the dominant diagenetic process. Our aim was to analyse, interpret and integrate all data in a consistent manner so that proper rocktyping could be established.
While reservoir characterization has advanced to the micron-scale with the use of tomographic, petrographic, and SEM imaging, properties computed on digital pore networks do not always correspond to experimental data from the same rock. This mismatch is due to data scale difference, errors in statistical algorithms, and complicated nature of pore networks. 3D printing is a new technology that is capable of transforming digital models into physical samples, on which pore network properties (porosity, surface area, and pore size distribution) and flow properties (permeability) can be analyzed experimentally. In this study, we compare methods for producing 3D printed models from thin section photomicrographs and from computed tomography data. The results include two types of 3D printed samples: normal ? with replicated pores as void spaces and inverted ? with pores as solid. Mercury injection tests performed on core plug and normal samples helped identify the accuracy of 3D printed copies.
Many materials exhibit isotropic mechanical properties in the macro-scale but are known to be composed of anisotropic building blocks. In this work, the elastic modulus of a carbon nanostructured free-standing paper-like material is determined from force curves obtained with tapping mode atomic force microscopy and compared with the value obtained from traditional macroscopic tensile testing. Results show agreement between macro- and nanoscale values of the elastic modulus.
Three-dimensional printing technology has brought a revolution in the field of device fabrication. The devices with complex internal structures and shapes can fabricated very easily and in very quick time. There are numerous micro-fabrication and self-assembly processes have been adopted for the manufacturing of the micro-devices for medical applications. However, these fabrication techniques require excessive processing steps and expertise. In this study, we present a feasible method to fabricate the micro-containers for drug delivery system. There are different shapes and sizes of microcontainers ranges from 200 ?m to 1 mm fabricated by three-dimensional printing technology. Magnetic nanowires or nanoparticles are attractive candidates for magnetic transportation in drug delivery system. The micro-containers are polymer based and they functionalized by thiol group with the successful attachment of the ferromagnetic nanowires on their surfaces to become magnetic drug delivery micro-containers.
An optical fiber chemical sensor based on a focused ion beam processed optical fiber is presented here. The sensor is based on a cavity formed onto a fiber by chemical etching, on which side channels are drilled by ion beam milling. The encapsulation of the cavity is achieved by fusion splicing onto a standard single or multimode fiber. The cavity is a Fabry-P?rot resonator for gas or liquid sensing. Increased reflectivity of the formed cavity mirrors can be achieved with atomic layer deposition (ALD) of alternating metal oxides. The sensor was tested with various chemicals to proof its functionality.
Focused ion beam (FIB) patterning of 3D topography on optical fiber tips and optical beam profile engineering are reported. We demonstrate a Fresnel zone plate configuration based on FIB patterning. Measured experimental field profiles of fabricated optical fiber tips are reported.
Detection of blood vessel is an important computational problem while using the fundus images of the eye in the (semi-) automatic diagnosis of many serious eye diseases. We present a methodology to detect vessels based on a graph-based. It is based on two main steps: feature engineering and cognitive multi-scale segmentation. Feature engineering includes a variety of intra-scale and interscale features by concentrating on color, shape and context information. We built coarse graph segmentation based on color feature. We exploited a diverse of morphology operators to determine the structure of vessels to construct morphological layer. To build higher levels, we integrated cognitive grouping principles such as similarity, continuity and proximity to merge neighbor components. Therefore, we investigated different shape features to merge components from morphology layer. We exploited different graph algorithms. Extensive experiments were conducted to obtain high accuracy and the final accuracy of our segmentation was 88%.
We propose in this paper a forensic analysis system called CISRI that helps forensic investigators determine the most influential members of a criminal group, who are related to known members of the group, for investigation purposes. In the framework of CISRI, we describe the structural relationships between the members of a criminal group in terms of a graph. In such a graph, a node represents a member of a criminal group, an edge connecting two nodes represents the relationship between two members of the group, and the weight of an edge represents the degree of the relationship between two members.
NFC (Near Field Communication) has a good adaptable structure that it can be easily combined with any wireless network. Since NFC can be used to communicate without using a proper wire, all the transactions can be done remotely without any physical connections. In this paper, we propose a new authentication protocol based on LTE network to secure the NFC. Our protocol enhances the security level provided by the LTE. Our approach is new in a sense that it covers LTE in contrast to old networks like GSM & 3G substantially treated in the literature.
Data security in the cloud is one of the main concerns organizations have when implementing cloud technology. Shifting users' sensitive data to a third party provider rise many questions on who will be responsible for data security. In this paper we will explore the existing data security solutions in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud platform. We grouped the existing solutions into three main categories which are data encryption, data isolation and data erasure solutions.
