In this study an Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power plant is proposed that has a total aperture area of 1308000 m2, and a natural gas fuel feed of 25 kg/sec to the Gas cycle. The integrated solar combined cycle (ISCC) power plant has been designed, modeled, and simulated using IPSEpro? 6.0. With the purpose of finding optimum designcase ranges for key free design variables, the variation of key performance metrics (e.g., solar field efficiency, topping cycle efficiency, bottoming cycle efficiency, solar and fuel input fractions, and net cycle efficiency) has been studied against different values for these key free design variable .
This paper presents a new design of hybrid Petri net sliding mode control (PNSMC) applied to reach the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of a variable speed wind energy conversion system. To solve the main and major undesired phenomenon faced by conventional sliding mode control, the high frequency oscillations known as chattering, the design of a hybrid controller based on Petri network sliding mode control (PNSMC) is proposed, in which a Petri network controller replaces the discontinuous part of the classical sliding mode control law. The new hybrid control law has been tested in Simulink/Matlab environment. Simulation results of the proposed control scheme present good dynamic and steadystate performance compared to the classical SMC with respect to the reduction of chattering phenomenon.
This paper investigates the effect of two dopants of M0.2Ce0.8Ox binary oxides prepared via microwave assisted solgel method, where M = Cu, and Zn on the variations in the physical properties of the catalyst and correlates them to their catalytic performance. The crystallites structures were revealed by Xray diffraction, and the morphological information were examined by SEM and BET methods. The catalytic performances were tested in the temperature range 0530? C. The catalytic results showed that the catalytic behavior is optimized when ceria is doped in copper. Complete CO conversion 100% was achieved at low temperature ~ 50? C. This results attributed to high dispersion of CuO species in ceria lattice. XPS results revealed high oxygen storage capacity (OSC), and high reducibility of the surface active Cu+.
Zeolite is an interesting crystalline porous material that has high surface area, high thermal stability and catalytically active acid sites, which is mostly used in the petrochemical industry as a catalyst. The accessibility of active sites is usually hindered because of the binding material. Therefore, new material is needed for having good accessibility. The aim of this work is to utilise carbon nanostructures (CNS) as a binding material for HY zeolite micro and nano size particles. The unique structure and properties of CNS such as high surface area, good thermal stability and flexibility of fibrous structure make it promising material to hold and bind zeolite particles. HY zeolite/CNS composite catalyst found to be potentially promising material for catalytic application, which can be processed into certain shapes to meet industrial standards.
3dimensional (3D) printing technology is an additive manufacturing process as a method of converting a virtual 3D model into a physical object. In this study, 3D printer is used to fabricate accelerometers with polymeric materials. In order to make the proof mass and the electrodes electrically conductive, surface of such structures are metallized with gold flakes. Silanization that is one of the most popular methods of attaching the gold materials was implemented using 3mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane to make the surfaces rich in thiol group which strongly binds gold flakes. The silanized surfaces was characterized with Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and attachment of the gold flakes to the surface of the proof mass and electrodes were investigated by scanning electron microscope.
To develop an applicable method to measure the localized corrosion current density of reinforcing steel the linear polarization resistance (LPR) tests were performed on carbon steel in a simulated concrete pore solution. To induce the localized corrosion, potentiostatic polarization was applied to samples. The depassivation and initiation of localized corrosion occurred was during the potentiostatic polarization, which was indicated by the sudden increase of the current. Under the condition that localized corrosion initiated, the LPR measurements provided reasonable values of corrosion current density, suggesting that this method could be applied to the measurement of localized corrosion current density to predict the service life of concrete structures.
We report on the effects of annealing at different temperatures and durations with respect to the microstructure evolution, optical properties and wettability on a watersplitting material based on TiO2 and black silicon. 40nm of TiO2 was directly deposited on top of the substrate, followed by 10 nm of Platinum. The 40 nm thick film of TiO2 was deposited using Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) and the 10 nm of Pt was deposited by plasma deposition in order to study the potential Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) effect of Pt. Annealed specimens were screened by means of Xray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical spectroscopy. Additionally, in situ condensation inside an environmental SEM (ESEM) was conducted to assess the wettability. Our findings show that topography and the microstructure of the water splitting material play a significant role in the optical properties enhancement and the increase of the material's hydrophilicity.
The present paper presents the results of a study to assess the feasibility to integrate wastewater treatment byproducts? biogas, sludge and hydrogen sulfide, in a process which increases treatment sustainability converting sludge waste into hydrogen sulfide removal media using residual biogas flaring waste. Sludge characterization is shown and experimental laboratory scale tests performed at different thermal treatment conditions are presented. The resulting activated carbon material was evaluated using scanning electron microscope and BrunauerEmmettTeller (BET) porosity tests.
In this investigation, the classical liddriven cavity flow problem is numerically solved in two dimensions using finite difference approximations of the incompressible NavierStokes equations represented in the vorticitystream function derived variables formulation. The FTCS and point GaussSeidel discretization schemes were used for the parabolic vorticity transport and elliptic stream function Poisson equations, respectively. The solution algorithm was run for 100 seconds at a time step of 0.001 seconds (i.e., 100,000 time iterations). Steadystate results were obtained after approximately 5 seconds. The streamline pattern, velocity field, vorticity field, and pressure field were generated and studied at transient and steadystate conditions. Good agreement with results from the literature is observed.
Wind energy technology is growing rapidly in the energy production sector. Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) are coming to the fore to tackle areas with low wind speeds. It is critical to know the optimum design configuration of these VAWTs to maximize their performance. In this study cambered blades are investigated using CFD modelling to understand their effect on performance. It was found that cambered blades, improve the overall performance of the VAWT with better CP, at lower tip speed ratio. They also have more consistent torque production. Moderate camber also improved the selfstarting ability of the VAWT.
